How Scuba Regulators Work

Regulators on the air pressure tank at ambient pressure is reduced for us to breathe underwater. The controller is in two stages, the first of the cylinder pressure is reduced to an intermediate pressure, the second step, usually in the lead in modern equipment, spare time is taken, he further reduced, so that we can breathe at ambient pressure.
Regulators provide air on demand, which means that if the diver is breathing into the regulator open to allow air flow when the diver breathes air, the demand valve is closed and air is discharged into the water.
First stage regulator
The first stage regulator is connected directly to the scuba tank. The connector is a standard A-clamp that fits over the valve at the top of the tank and is secured by a screw yoke, even though some European divers use a DIN connector. DIN offers a secure attachment by screwing directly into the tank valve and can be used with higher pressure than the A-cylinder clamp, but divers with DIN controller can use a converter to convert their equipment to create a U.S. armored diving style.
It is not only the type of connector that may change if the mechanism for detecting changes in pressure to either a piston which acts on the external pressure of the water, or a flexible membrane to a push rod. Both types of control can be either symmetrical or asymmetrical, offset to the former situation, variations in cylinder pressure and thus a greater openness to supply more air to the order.
Finally, some regulators are sealed first stage, which means that instead of water acting directly on the mechanism, it acts on a fluid that transmits pressure to the piston or diaphragm. The advantages are that it reduces the risk of internal corrosion or sediment is reduced to prevent the inside of the first stage and the thermal mechanism, which is important too, at low temperatures to the controller prior to freezing.

The second step
The second stage is the first stage through a pipe, which is usually worn on the right shoulder, attached. It consists of a diaphragm and exhaust valve at the front, back, top to bottom and rear tailpipe.
As with the first step there are different types of second stage regulators - the most common is the downstream valve, where a membrane associated with a lever opens or closes a one-way valve. In the alternative lever opens a valve driver, which in turn opens the main valve, a more complex design that provides more air circulation for less effort. The greater complexity of making both more expensive and difficult to maintain.