How Scuba Regulators Work

Regulators on the air pressure tank at ambient pressure is reduced for us to breathe underwater. The controller is in two stages, the first of the cylinder pressure is reduced to an intermediate pressure, the second step, usually in the lead in modern equipment, spare time is taken, he further reduced, so that we can breathe at ambient pressure.
Regulators provide air on demand, which means that if the diver is breathing into the regulator open to allow air flow when the diver breathes air, the demand valve is closed and air is discharged into the water.
First stage regulator
The first stage regulator is connected directly to the scuba tank. The connector is a standard A-clamp that fits over the valve at the top of the tank and is secured by a screw yoke, even though some European divers use a DIN connector. DIN offers a secure attachment by screwing directly into the tank valve and can be used with higher pressure than the A-cylinder clamp, but divers with DIN controller can use a converter to convert their equipment to create a U.S. armored diving style.
It is not only the type of connector that may change if the mechanism for detecting changes in pressure to either a piston which acts on the external pressure of the water, or a flexible membrane to a push rod. Both types of control can be either symmetrical or asymmetrical, offset to the former situation, variations in cylinder pressure and thus a greater openness to supply more air to the order.
Finally, some regulators are sealed first stage, which means that instead of water acting directly on the mechanism, it acts on a fluid that transmits pressure to the piston or diaphragm. The advantages are that it reduces the risk of internal corrosion or sediment is reduced to prevent the inside of the first stage and the thermal mechanism, which is important too, at low temperatures to the controller prior to freezing.

The second step
The second stage is the first stage through a pipe, which is usually worn on the right shoulder, attached. It consists of a diaphragm and exhaust valve at the front, back, top to bottom and rear tailpipe.
As with the first step there are different types of second stage regulators - the most common is the downstream valve, where a membrane associated with a lever opens or closes a one-way valve. In the alternative lever opens a valve driver, which in turn opens the main valve, a more complex design that provides more air circulation for less effort. The greater complexity of making both more expensive and difficult to maintain.

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Certification

            With the increasing popularity of the sport, there were numerous dive centers and certification programs in recent years. In the U.S. alone there are nearly 2000 professional diving centers. The first thing you should do before a program is to test the various centers and find out who of them be the most appropriate for you.

PADI Certification

Open Water Diver Certification:

You must be at least 15 years to receive the Open Water Diver certification. Certifications of the more open water, you can immerse yourself without the presence of the teacher (if the charter does not permit required). There are also Junior Open Water Diver for people 10 to 15 before your certification, it is almost every center that you are in good physical condition recommended. Some even require that you obtain a medical certificate before enrolling in a certification program. You must also know how to swim if you are not necessarily good. However, you should be able to swim 200 meters each shot and be able to swim or walk on water for about 10 minutes.


Diving Centers for certification:

There are many diving centers around which you can teach the basics techniques and skills of diving, but not all of them are absolutely reliable. Try doing a little research before you enroll in a program. See also an agency that provides internationally recognized certification card if you travel a lot.

Some of the organizations diving's most popular and largest certification diving PADI, NAUI, YMCA, Scuba Schools International, and PDIC. These organizations provide some of the best courses and diving instructors are available. But the training method, duration, etc. Teaching can not be equal to all of them. For example, NAUI are often more technical in the classroom than other programs, but can not say better or worse than others. Thus the result of the training and education will ultimately depend on your effort and individual trainers.
Bubble Makers midshipmen, and said, are some popular agencies specializing in the provision of Junior Open Water Diver certification for people 10 to 15

Course:
The duration of a diving certification usually depends on you and your schedule. Basically, it takes about two to three months for full certification, which would cost between $ 175.00 and $ 250.00 and can be accessories such as books, tables and equipment rental, etc. (you must purchase or rent your equipment Diving own) for a party. A certification course includes instruction in general, examinations, practical skills sessions and four open water dives 56. The working class can once a week with weekends more intensive, which will include the reading progressed, while the open water dives usually last two days.
The Scuba Diver allows you to base, 60 to 100 meters below the surface dive, while allowing an advanced diving certification allows you to make deep dives of about 130 meters. Advanced dive certification is more focused on safety, physics, navigation, night diving, diving physiology and dive tables.

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Conquering Fear

            We all have to overcome fear at some point in our lives. Fear can be a good thing, think twice about what we can to save our lives, but if too seriously, it can mean that we do not finish what we start, or worse, simply do nothing .
            Diving is like an extreme sport .Finally, try to learn exist in an environment that is not for the human body. Diving can certainly learn to be a challenge. You can not just throw on the gear and swim off into the sunset as beautiful as it sounds. There are some technical devices that work like you who is bulky and cumbersome, but it also is the fact that you are to be under water far longer than you're used to getting used to. Some people find it easy, but if you're one of those who fight without an excessive burden, are you, if you successfully stay the course.
            I think anyone who has dived, had moments where they were afraid, and if they say they do not appear very often or not they are lying! For some people this is the case during the course, but even after 500 dives, there is still potential for something to throw you a curve ball. 

 There are two important steps to learn how to get your anxiety under control:
1 . Breath.  
 As the golden rule of diving is never hold your breath, the other golden rule is to overcome fear and to stop, it's something uncontrollable with your breath to calm down. If you run in fear, you will begin to hyperventilate - breath control has a number of things. First, you will slow the heart rate and start making you feel calmer. Second, it gives you something else to focus and distraction is a good thing.
2 . Stop thinking.  
This may sound strange, it is also the best way to overcome what you fear. Think from the theme music from Jaws, and always you will not be able to hide from the head and sharks around every corner, think about how difficult it is to help breathe a controller and more, it becomes harder and harder to start thinking that you can not clear the water in the mask, without coming to the surface and suddenly you are not able to.

         It must be said that diving is not for everyone. It could be just someone who will never be comfortable under water and it is important to be able to differentiate between the fear of something new and the sport is not easy to achieve good for you. Do not underestimate the importance of not even teachers. If you click on the two missing, or the teacher can not spend time to make you feel good, then it might be interesting to try someone else before you throw in the towel.


 

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6 common of Diving Myths

The shark will attack you.

Do not believe what you see in Hollywood movies. Sharks are generally harmless and are not aggressive. In fact, they are intimidated by divers for their fins and snorkel. They usually flee when divers and bubbles created by to see their equipment. The only type of shark that is dangerous, is the great white shark, which is rare and are found in some areas.

Scuba diving is a sport for rich people. 

You do not have to buy all the diving equipment, if you just start learning. At first you will only need three basic functions: a mask, snorkel and a pair of fins.If you are already at an advanced level, you can already invest in your diving equipment. Diving equipment is durable and can last for years. Since you use the camera several times, it's like paying a few cents per dive. Remember also that, to certify as soon as you leave, you are an unlimited pass on the underwater world to obtain. You will certainly clear that you are getting a bargain.

You must be perfectly fit to be able to dive.

It will really help when you in good shape, but you are not to be David Beckham and Kobe Bryant in the dive location. If you can swim, you are certainly more comfortable in the water. Of course, perseverance is important, because the diving is an active sport. If multiple rounds without getting tired, so it is easier for you to dive. There are even divers who are not older than 10 and as old as 75 years. Any healthy person can do, but it is always best to consult a physician before beginning training.


Diving is a dangerous sport.

Diving can be dangerous if safety precautions are not followed. Like any other sport, must dive training. Sufficient training will prepare you for almost every scenario. The dive the more you practice, the more you get comfortable underwater. If you are the right training and if you follow the correct procedure could go wrong. In addition, make modern scuba diving equipment has become easier. For example, the counter will help you assess your air supply and the air you do not have an alternate air source.

Diving is not for the claustrophobic

People actually find claustrophobic diving a sport enjoyable. With the wide ocean, fresh water, marine life and fantastic, they are able to overcome their fears and realize that it is a liberating experience.

 

Diving is not ecologically

Diving can actually help people become more aware of environmental protection. Dive Associations inform divers on the protection of reefs and their inhabitants. There are even groups that practice environmental responsibility by selecting the trash like plastic bottles and water and threw it in the trash when they get on the dive boat. People who dive, you know how to appreciate the beauty of the underwater world. They also share them with others in underwater photography.

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An Introduction to Technical Diving

            The desire for dives deeper and deeper under the water and led to the development of special gas mixtures. The use of these techniques in diving offers an exciting range of new skills and the marine environment for qualified technical divers to explore.
Pushing the boundaries. 
Divers are limited by simple physical laws, (depending on the depth of the dive) at a time under water and a maximum depth overall. Education organizations recommend that divers using compressed air goes no deeper than 130 to 165 feet (40-50 meters). In addition, nitrogen can accumulate dangerously fast in the body, greatly increases the risk of decompression sickness. In addition, increased levels of nitrogen in the blood below 165 ft (50 m) may Leah. i too heavy nitrogen narcosis. The oxygen content of air is also more and more deeply toxic to the nervous system dive.

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To extend the dive time and therefore the exploration have been developed in greater depth special blends of gas for which the balance between oxygen and nitrogen has been changed, or that contain new gas to dilute the effects oxygen or nitrogen. The use of these mixtures is known as technical diving, and includes three types of gas mixtures: Nitrox, which allows for longer dive times, and trimix and heliox to reach greater depths.

Extend The Dive Time 

Normal air is approximately 21 percent oxygen and 79 percent nitrogen. Nitrox is a gas mixture containing a higher proportion of oxygen and low nitrogen content than usual, so the dive time is longer from the diver's body to store too much nitrogen, and fatigue-free diver after the dive. Nitrox can be mixed in various ratios, from 22 to 50 percent oxygen. But is increased beyond a certain depth of the oxygen in the Nitrox mixture of toxic and can cause seizures. The more oxygen in the mixture, the shallower it will happen for this reason requires that nitrox diving special training, even if the courses are easily accessible to recreational divers.

To Deep 

Divers want to get more than 165 feet (50 inches) of travel either heliox or trimix, introducing two of the helium in the breathing mix. Heliox contains only helium and oxygen, while the Trimix is a combination of three gases helium, oxygen, and (mostly) nitrogen. Heliox is used primarily by military and commercial divers, while the Trimix is frequently used by free divers. Both in reducing the probability of nitrogen narcosis, oxygen toxicity, DCS and be successful. Since helium heal six times faster than air does, these mixtures can cause divers to feel very cold. Helium is also rapidly absorbed into the body, as long decompression is required. Want to use these various gas mixtures must be properly trained.

Technical Kit 

Diving at extreme depths or in extreme environments such as deep caves, requires special equipment. Divers to carefully analyze their technical equipment, and try to eliminate the weaknesses, there is little room for error during a deep dive technique. Is used to support the extra gas tanks in technical diving, most divers opt for high-lift "wing"-style buoyancy compensation. You choose, high-performance regulators that can handle the task of providing breathing gas at extreme depths. Sophisticated computerized to control use, such as technical gas mixtures metabolized during the dive.

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To Find The Right Gear

            Purchasing the necessary scuba equipment with your family is a great way to teach them on the rules of diving. With each piece of diving equipment you purchase, you can explain what the object is and how it was used during a dive.
            There is always a good idea to bring a certified instructor when shopping for dive gear, or at least one visit before he seriously pursue the purchase of dive equipment. In this way you secure the best type of equipment for your skill level of diving.
            If you have the right scuba equipment to ensure that all divers involved know how safe and effective use of diving equipment. If there are questions or concerns diving equipment, you should deal with the diving equipment dealer or a certified instructor before beginning a dive.
           Diving equipment can be difficult when a purchase you do not know what to look for and what your skill level is less dive. Buy scuba gear can be a positive event, if you know that this means that you will make more dives in the days and months

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Diving can be an activity for life

            Did you know that children at the age of 10 can obtain a certificate of limited diving and you can continue as long as you have the physical ability and will dive? Once you are a diver, you can become "addicted" to this hobby for fun and adventure well. While there are people to do the diving career, most people try it just for fun. If you are interested in starting this hobby, then there are some things you consider everything before you should.
            For a solitary experience diving on vacation or in another situation, you should not be certified, but you need an education first. You must learn the basics of how the equipment works and is easy to carry in water and in most cases, these options are checked and monitored for safety.

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           If you are interested in diving in the long run, you will probably want to one more class certification. This usually takes several weeks and includes homework, written assignments and examinations, but also some time in the pool to become familiar with diving equipment. When you have completed this part of the course, you're ready for some open water certification training. If you are in a warm climate it is easy to do, to live, but otherwise you may need a warmer climate, you go to complete your diving certification.

          There are a lot of equipment involved with diving. You need a wetsuit, flippers and face mask in addition to the oxygen cylinder, the controller (which you breathe through) and a BCD. Dive tables or dive computer lets you know how far you can go and how fast you can move up and down to avoid getting sick. You can also invest in a first aid kit, a dive and float a dive flag and a repair kit oxygen tank. Some people like to wear a collection bag and a knife and a coat. You can see some of the diving equipment or can be used in an online discounter, to save you the cost of investment. Or you can also be rented if you do not know if this hobby is for you.

 

Take an underwater journey and you may never see the world the same way.

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Discover the underwater world through the lens of a diving mask

              Many diving schools there. To name a few - PADI, SSI, TDI, NAUI or BSAC. Regardless of the qualification, you want to win, they're all just brands that can help you explore, your first step into the wonderful underwater world. All institutions diving essentially teach the same techniques in diving. One of the basic skills available to the Open Water course. This qualification offers you your license to dive all over the world, whether in shallow water 5 meters, for example, when the divers go diving off Mabul macro Iceland, a popular dive site near Sipadan Iceland, world famous or at a depth of 18 meters. Anyway, a buddy system is a must, where divers are required to dive for two. This is one of the security measures, an international standard that can save lives.
           Generally involves three steps over open water. It begins with learning the theory of diving, training in shallow water (which are in a pool or a shallow section of a beach) followed. The last and most exciting step for students is when they head for open water, where everything is unexpected. There will be new divers to explore the colorful underwater world of life, sunken ships Summit Aquatic and even shipwrecks. Once these skills gives people the possibility of a world to explore abnormal human territory.
          One of the most popular dive with PADI certifications. In addition to the institutions of diving, diving courses are provided in a manner available. Learning to dive is not only acquire a certification in the process, it was fun. For some, learning to dive is the first step towards a new career. There are many of those who because of the sheer passion, been hard at much higher levels of qualification. With a deep knowledge and vast experience we are able to work under water in a professional way - teachers themselves, or in commercial diving.
         So whether breathing a personal interest in the wonders under the water, or as a step towards a new career, it is important to follow proper procedures. There are victims, most of them run on human error.

It is a way to earn a regular Open Water course:

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Day 1 Theoretical knowledge skills development refers to learning the principles and basic procedures in diving. This is crucial for understanding aspects of how the effects of pressure on those of the body "is the preparation of a new diver to manage behavior.

Day 2 Confined water dives in this phase, students receive their first experience with diving equipment. Basic skills such as setting up water transmission and the elimination of the subform security is to treat even under water.

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Day 3 Dives Open Water Last but not least, the open water dives. With all the diving theory and practice learned, you are now ready to experience a full as it is, is a diver.

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Types of Diving

Types of Diving

There are all sorts of scuba diving specialties for all sorts of people. This is the place to read about all of the different types of specialty course you can take and all the exciting dive opportunities on offer.

• Deep Diving
• Enriched Air Nitrox
• Night Diving
• Photography & Videography
• Snorkeling & Free Diving
• Wreck Diving 

And there'll be a summary for each other categories .

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Scuba Diving Gear 2 (End)

       Well, This is the rest of the gear, there are :

• An underwater compass, is a very handy navigational tool and is a common piece of equipment for divers to carry. Compasses can be attached to gauge consoles, worn separately on the wrist, attached to the band of a watch or dive computer, and digital compasses are now even built into the latest dive computers.
• Snorkel, is a plastic tube that allows you to breathe while you're swimming on the surface. It is normally attached to the left side of the mask. It's a great way to conserve the air in your cylinder while swimming on the surface. Snorkels also come with such features as purge valves (to make it easier to clear any water inside) and splash guards (to make it hard for water to splash in the top).
• Cylinder, he dive cylinder is what you use to carry your compressed breathing gas (usually air). Dive cylinders are typically made out of aluminum or steel and come in various sizes with the most common size being 90 cubic feet / 12 liters. Breathing gas is compressed inside the cylinder at up to 3000psi/210bar.
• Regulator, is a what you use to breathe the air from the cylinder. The regulator is divided into two parts: First stage is the component that attaches to the cylinder and converts the pressurized air inside to what's called intermediate pressure (less pressure than in the tank but still higher than breathing pressure). The regulator usually supplies air to the Alternate Air Source and BCD (Buoyancy Control Device) in addition to the Second Stage Regulator. It will also have an SPG attached to it.Second parts is the component that you put in your mouth to breathe. It reduces the air coming from the first stage regulator to ambient pressure (the right pressure for you to breathe).
• Depth gauge, this gauge shows you how deep you are. Depth is measured in either feet or meters.
• Dive Computer, also tell you your depth and dive time but it is also common for dive computers to calculate no-decompression limits over multiple dives. Many newer dive computers will also track air consumption and temperature and some even have built-in electronic compasses. Dive computers are commonly found attached to gauge consoles or worn on the wrist like a watch and can now be found built into masks.
• Dive knifes, It is good practice to carry a dive knife or shears. Dive knives are not used as weapons, they're used to free yourself from entanglement, particularly from fishing line. Many divers carry more than one knife for added safety and it's advisable to wear one on the BCD and one strapped to a leg.
• Hood, If you're diving in cold water you're likely to wear a hood. A hood is a neoprene cap that you wear over your head to keep it warm and can be thought of as an extension of the wetsuit.
• Slate, There are many different types of slates, but the most common are fish slates and writing slates. A fish slate is a waterproof plastic sheet covered in pictures and names of fish (and other creatures) the diver is likely to see. A writing slate is a blank piece of plastic with a pencil attached by a cord and is used to communicate by writing underwater, taking notes, or drawing. Slates are normally attached to a D-Ring on the BCD.
• Submersible Pressure Gauge, (more commonly called SPG) is the gauge that tells you how much air you have left in your tank. Air pressure is measured in PSI or bar. Most SPGs have a section of the dial highlighted in red which shows you when you're getting low on air. 
• Weight System,  Most people need weights to sink in water. There are two common weight systems: Weight belt and Integrated weight, Weight belt is most commonly a nylon belt which has lead weights attached. It is secured with a quick release clip at the front which can be released rapidly and easily with one hand if needed. And Integrated weight or Weight Pocket is attached on BCD, These pockets are secured using Velcro or quick release clips which can be released as easily as a weight belt. Most divers find integrated weights much more comfortable than a weight belt. 
• Wetsuit, keep you warm while underwater. They are made from neoprene and designed to be worn snugly in order to allow little water to move against the diver's skin. They work by insulating the diver from the cold water. Wetsuits come in many sizes from one millimeter to seven millimeters or more, with the most common sizes being 3mm, 5mm, and 7mm. The most typical styles are: The Shortie style has short arms and legs and is typically worn in tropical water. A full one-piece suit that can, depending on thickness, be worn in cold, temperate, and warm water. This is a two piece wetsuit that overlaps to provide more warmth on the torso. The Farmer-John was previously quite popular but is now primarily used in cold water.

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Scuba Diving Gear 1

    There's so many gear that we must know, when we do Scuba Diving. And for know, let's talk about Alternative air source, Buoyancy Control Device (BCD) , Booties, and Fins. The Gear are :

Scuba Diving Gear

• Alternative air source, is your backup second stage regulator. It works just the same as the primary second stage regulator and can be used in the unlikely event that your primary fails or your dive buddy needs to share air. It is usually a bright color such as fluorescent yellow or pink and is normally secured somewhere within the triangle between the chin and the bottom of the rib cages, normally on the right side.It also known as Octopus

•  A Buoyancy Control Device (or BCD for short) is the jacket that scuba divers wear. It serves a few basic functions: It contains an inflatable bladder which you can add or subtract air from, allowing you to change your buoyancy in the water, The dive cylinder is attached to the back of the BCD using a tank strap, It allows the diver to carry or attach all of their accessories using its inbuilt pockets and D-Rings .
• Booties, is also used to protect the feet, particularly when shore diving, and some divers find them more comfortable than full foot fins.
•  Fins, are long flat rubber or plastic extensions of your feet that allow you to swim with much greater ease and speed. The two primary varieties of fins are full-foot and open-heeled. Full-foot fins completely cover the foot like a shoe and are most commonly used in warm tropical water. Open-heeled fins have a strap across the back and are worn with booties to allow the feet more warmth and comfort. It also known as Flippers .

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Scuba Diving Is ??

               Diving, a common word is actually an acronym for Self Contained Breathing Apparatus Underwater was established in 1939 in the U.S. military divers rebreather sets used by the Navy relate. A set underwater is equipped with a gas can essentially self-contained breathing respirator of the diver to remain submerged for much longer. The Aqua Lung diving equipment is modern, first by Jacques-Yves Cousteau and Emile Gagnan invented in 1943.
               Diving, which was originally intended for use in military and academic, has become one of the most popular sports bathing water in the world today. Children aged 10 years, are now Open Water Diver (Junior) certification from various centers. Diving can be great fun for all the underwater world, which is commonly used by scuba divers for fish identification, search and recovery, underwater photography and videography, etc., be love, however, there appear a very dangerous sport, it is recommended by experts, the tuition or required certifications before they take the sport as a hobby.
              Commercial diving for underwater structures such as oil rigs, bridges, port facilities, dams, power plants and other coastal states structures is used. Diving, scientific research and monitoring is included, as a scientific diver, for exclusively scientific experiments such as underwater and marine archeology is known. As for the military was plunged redress for shipbuilding and marine use, and includes specialized areas such as scuba divers and explosives ordnance disposal soldiers.
             A person must be at least a minimum of 15 years to be certified open water diver to be healthy and be able to swim 200 meters with every stroke and swim or walk on the water for about 10 minutes. Some of the organizations diving's most popular and largest dive certification include PADI, NAUI, YMCA, Scuba Schools International, and PDIC. These organizations offer some of the best diving and instructor training courses available. There is also a Junior Open Water Diver certification for persons aged 10 to 15, from institutions such as the Bubble Makers, said cadets were made ​​available, and SASY .
          

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