2011

How Scuba Regulators Work

Regulators on the air pressure tank at ambient pressure is reduced for us to breathe underwater. The controller is in two stages, the first of the cylinder pressure is reduced to an intermediate pressure, the second step, usually in the lead in modern equipment, spare time is taken, he further reduced, so that we can breathe at ambient pressure.
Regulators provide air on demand, which means that if the diver is breathing into the regulator open to allow air flow when the diver breathes air, the demand valve is closed and air is discharged into the water.
First stage regulator
The first stage regulator is connected directly to the scuba tank. The connector is a standard A-clamp that fits over the valve at the top of the tank and is secured by a screw yoke, even though some European divers use a DIN connector. DIN offers a secure attachment by screwing directly into the tank valve and can be used with higher pressure than the A-cylinder clamp, but divers with DIN controller can use a converter to convert their equipment to create a U.S. armored diving style.
It is not only the type of connector that may change if the mechanism for detecting changes in pressure to either a piston which acts on the external pressure of the water, or a flexible membrane to a push rod. Both types of control can be either symmetrical or asymmetrical, offset to the former situation, variations in cylinder pressure and thus a greater openness to supply more air to the order.
Finally, some regulators are sealed first stage, which means that instead of water acting directly on the mechanism, it acts on a fluid that transmits pressure to the piston or diaphragm. The advantages are that it reduces the risk of internal corrosion or sediment is reduced to prevent the inside of the first stage and the thermal mechanism, which is important too, at low temperatures to the controller prior to freezing.

The second step
The second stage is the first stage through a pipe, which is usually worn on the right shoulder, attached. It consists of a diaphragm and exhaust valve at the front, back, top to bottom and rear tailpipe.
As with the first step there are different types of second stage regulators - the most common is the downstream valve, where a membrane associated with a lever opens or closes a one-way valve. In the alternative lever opens a valve driver, which in turn opens the main valve, a more complex design that provides more air circulation for less effort. The greater complexity of making both more expensive and difficult to maintain.

Scuba Tanks

            Limits for divers carry tanks of the human body provide a breathing gas at ambient pressure to overcome. The tanks are also known as a cylinder or bottle and is usually in the recreational diving breathing gas is air. Some non-divers will move the tanks as oxygen tanks or bottles, but this is false - Oxygen is toxic if inhaled at high concentrations of oxygen in deep and pure is not used in recreational diving.
            The cylinders are almost always made of steel or aluminum, the latter the advantage of being corrosion resistant. While the original material is steel, which is widely used throughout Europe, it is customary to make aluminum bottles in the United States and the Caribbean.
            Aluminum tanks suffer disadvantages, however - as it is softer than steel, it tends to be damaged by rough or careless treatment, and because the walls are thick to be bigger and heaver tanks needed during a comparable steel tank. However, if the tank suffers from internal corrosion of the oxide layer prevents further corrosion protect the tank - in a steel tank that is not the case.
            Usually worn on the back of the divers, a bottle of compressed air to the BCD (BCD), or a jacket and attached to the top of the bottle is attached to the first step. The main port for the first stage, the terminal A, but less frequently seen in Europe, the option-Din connector - it provides a strong seal the terminal A.
             The first stage regulator supplies air to the BCD - the air is released or expelled by the diver neutrally buoyant, chest varies with depth - and the air pressure gauge that is nowadays often included in a dive computer. It also provides air into the second stage, at an average pressure which is reduced by the second level of the ambient pressure to breathe diving. The standard configuration for the second step in modern diving equipment is in the same housing as the mouthpiece.

Scuba Wet Suits

Scuba wet suits were not taken seriously until World War II and the advent of Navy Frogmen (SEALs), which was one of the most effective weapons of war America. On any measurable basis, costs for operations against the cost effectiveness, man to man, or kill a total of reports has exceeded expectations at all levels of the seals. Once identified, the military put a lot of time and money in improving the effectiveness of its frogmen. This meant improving the design, efficiency and durability of wet suits.

There is a controversy that, over time, whether wet suits, had developed to keep dry. Sounds like an implementation of a joke, but it is not. Are all U-boats, protective clothing, rubber called combinations. The controversy was whether the loss of heat could be controlled better on the diver's body when the skin is dry or combination did not. It was Hugh Bradner who is credited with the first wetsuit in 1952. Mr. Bradner was actually working as a physicist at UC Berkeley Radiation Laboratory, where he was testing the reflexes of shock waves on unicellular material and was invited to attend a conference of the float. His concept was that the skin of the diver does not stay dry to prevent heat loss when the insulation used in the wet suit on the air in the material of the suit was get trapped.
With the French invention of the Aqua-Lung, was an underwater breathing apparatus (SCUBA) used in the war and eventually led to investigation teams to many mysteries of the ocean to explore. Once it began, was the urgent need for the combination of painfully obvious by the divers suffering from hypothermia after a few dives. The divers tried everything from greased long johns remains Costumes Air Force survival, and the Bradner wet suit. Bradner was the first to use a material similar to the single-cell type, he worked at the Radiation Laboratory in his suit. The material comes from a company called Rubatex and called Neoprene and the original model of the high tech of today, was born at three levels suit.

Certification

With the increasing popularity of the sport, there were numerous dive centers and certification programs in recent years. In the U.S. alone there are nearly 2000 professional diving centers. The first thing you should do before a program is to test the various centers and find out who of them be the most appropriate for you.

PADI Certification

Open Water Diver Certification:

You must be at least 15 years to receive the Open Water Diver certification. Certifications of the more open water, you can immerse yourself without the presence of the teacher (if the charter does not permit required). There are also Junior Open Water Diver for people 10 to 15 before your certification, it is almost every center that you are in good physical condition recommended. Some even require that you obtain a medical certificate before enrolling in a certification program. You must also know how to swim if you are not necessarily good. However, you should be able to swim 200 meters each shot and be able to swim or walk on water for about 10 minutes.

Diving Centers for certification:

There are many diving centers around which you can teach the basics techniques and skills of diving, but not all of them are absolutely reliable. Try doing a little research before you enroll in a program. See also an agency that provides internationally recognized certification card if you travel a lot.

Some of the organizations diving's most popular and largest certification diving PADI, NAUI, YMCA, Scuba Schools International, and PDIC. These organizations provide some of the best courses and diving instructors are available. But the training method, duration, etc. Teaching can not be equal to all of them. For example, NAUI are often more technical in the classroom than other programs, but can not say better or worse than others. Thus the result of the training and education will ultimately depend on your effort and individual trainers.
Bubble Makers midshipmen, and said, are some popular agencies specializing in the provision of Junior Open Water Diver certification for people 10 to 15

Course:
The duration of a diving certification usually depends on you and your schedule. Basically, it takes about two to three months for full certification, which would cost between $ 175.00 and $ 250.00 and can be accessories such as books, tables and equipment rental, etc. (you must purchase or rent your equipment Diving own) for a party. A certification course includes instruction in general, examinations, practical skills sessions and four open water dives 56. The working class can once a week with weekends more intensive, which will include the reading progressed, while the open water dives usually last two days.
The Scuba Diver allows you to base, 60 to 100 meters below the surface dive, while allowing an advanced diving certification allows you to make deep dives of about 130 meters. Advanced dive certification is more focused on safety, physics, navigation, night diving, diving physiology and dive tables.

Diving Dry Suit

Diving dry suits are for diving in cold water settings and they come in a kind of style: full length arms and legs. The only difference between different brands of dry suits on the market are used in materials to the combination and placement of the slide to create.

Dry suits keep the heat around the diver with a layer of warm air trapped in the clothing worn under the dry suit. As the diver Descends in water, the air is compressed in the costume, but the pressure may be offset by the use of a low-pressure hose to the air supply for divers.

As the diver ascends, the air was added to the mix are now broken down by the use of a deflation valve.

The material used to make dry suits can either neoprene, crushed neoprene or some other type of lightweight fabric that is reinforced with a waterproof material such as vulcanized rubber.

Diving dry suits are the only way to go if you are in cold water (50 degrees or less).

Their disadvantages are:

       * You are a maintenance problem
       * They are more cumbersome
       * Dry diving suits are expensive
       * There is a learning process for them

Diving With The Best Camera

Scuba diving is indeed a fun activity that not only allows you to enjoy your holiday, but it also helps you recognize and appreciate the beauty of nature, our eyes can not treat. Coral reefs, schools of fish, shipwrecks and other fascinating sea creatures are always ready to welcome you when you go to the sea of beauty. Diving is an adventure that will surely never forget. How do you go underwater, you are certainly something that will remind you of your adventures and as you can not take anything out of the lake, because some laws forbid you do, you can actually take photos or videos. Enter your best camera down under water. To do this best, you'll probably need a good guide to remind you of all time.

Check the power supply

The first thing you should look into, is to bring the power of the camera. Most are powered by rechargeable batteries. Make sure the batteries are fully charged. You do not have the ability to change them under water. If in any case that you have emptied the power source at the beginning, you will surely miss the opportunity to take photos precious that you add to your album.

PLACE in The Waterproof Housing

Water can not possibly enter the camera. It will only destroy the device safely. One thing you can do, the camera in a waterproof housing space. Buy one and read the manufacturer's instructions. Make sure the camera is aligned in the slot. Also, make sure that there will be leaks o, because if there was, the camera will be safe on the danger.

Secure It

One of the most important things you need to do is set the camera before diving. The water can swim, the camera, because this type of equipment is a little holder. This enabled the camera to go away from you and entangled with other devices. Use a power cable and set the camera to your belt or in a part of your wetsuit.

Good Position

As to take images or videos, take one thing you need to make sure you are in a good position to do so. You must be in an area where you are stable, so the results should be positioned smooth and clear. You must also ensure that your problems can be clearly seen. Lighting issues must be considered. Use an artificial light or flash, if possible. Always make sure that you are in the best position you take photos or videos to see the best results.

With a camera with you as you dive under water is a good opportunity to be able to create beautiful memories of the sea to get it right, you have to remember the tips above. Keep in mind, as always.

Conquering Fear

            We all have to overcome fear at some point in our lives. Fear can be a good thing, think twice about what we can to save our lives, but if too seriously, it can mean that we do not finish what we start, or worse, simply do nothing .
            Diving is like an extreme sport .Finally, try to learn exist in an environment that is not for the human body. Diving can certainly learn to be a challenge. You can not just throw on the gear and swim off into the sunset as beautiful as it sounds. There are some technical devices that work like you who is bulky and cumbersome, but it also is the fact that you are to be under water far longer than you're used to getting used to. Some people find it easy, but if you're one of those who fight without an excessive burden, are you, if you successfully stay the course.
            I think anyone who has dived, had moments where they were afraid, and if they say they do not appear very often or not they are lying! For some people this is the case during the course, but even after 500 dives, there is still potential for something to throw you a curve ball.

There are two important steps to learn how to get your anxiety under control:
1 . Breath.
As the golden rule of diving is never hold your breath, the other golden rule is to overcome fear and to stop, it's something uncontrollable with your breath to calm down. If you run in fear, you will begin to hyperventilate - breath control has a number of things. First, you will slow the heart rate and start making you feel calmer. Second, it gives you something else to focus and distraction is a good thing.

2 . Stop thinking.
This may sound strange, it is also the best way to overcome what you fear. Think from the theme music from Jaws, and always you will not be able to hide from the head and sharks around every corner, think about how difficult it is to help breathe a controller and more, it becomes harder and harder to start thinking that you can not clear the water in the mask, without coming to the surface and suddenly you are not able to.

It must be said that diving is not for everyone. It could be just someone who will never be comfortable under water and it is important to be able to differentiate between the fear of something new and the sport is not easy to achieve good for you. Do not underestimate the importance of not even teachers. If you click on the two missing, or the teacher can not spend time to make you feel good, then it might be interesting to try someone else before you throw in the towel.

6 common of Diving Myths

The shark will attack you.

Do not believe what you see in Hollywood movies. Sharks are generally harmless and are not aggressive. In fact, they are intimidated by divers for their fins and snorkel. They usually flee when divers and bubbles created by to see their equipment. The only type of shark that is dangerous, is the great white shark, which is rare and are found in some areas.

Scuba diving is a sport for rich people.

You do not have to buy all the diving equipment, if you just start learning. At first you will only need three basic functions: a mask, snorkel and a pair of fins.If you are already at an advanced level, you can already invest in your diving equipment. Diving equipment is durable and can last for years. Since you use the camera several times, it's like paying a few cents per dive. Remember also that, to certify as soon as you leave, you are an unlimited pass on the underwater world to obtain. You will certainly clear that you are getting a bargain.

You must be perfectly fit to be able to dive.

It will really help when you in good shape, but you are not to be David Beckham and Kobe Bryant in the dive location. If you can swim, you are certainly more comfortable in the water. Of course, perseverance is important, because the diving is an active sport. If multiple rounds without getting tired, so it is easier for you to dive. There are even divers who are not older than 10 and as old as 75 years. Any healthy person can do, but it is always best to consult a physician before beginning training.

Diving is a dangerous sport.

Diving can be dangerous if safety precautions are not followed. Like any other sport, must dive training. Sufficient training will prepare you for almost every scenario. The dive the more you practice, the more you get comfortable underwater. If you are the right training and if you follow the correct procedure could go wrong. In addition, make modern scuba diving equipment has become easier. For example, the counter will help you assess your air supply and the air you do not have an alternate air source.

Diving is not for the claustrophobic

People actually find claustrophobic diving a sport enjoyable. With the wide ocean, fresh water, marine life and fantastic, they are able to overcome their fears and realize that it is a liberating experience.

Diving is not ecologically

Diving can actually help people become more aware of environmental protection. Dive Associations inform divers on the protection of reefs and their inhabitants. There are even groups that practice environmental responsibility by selecting the trash like plastic bottles and water and threw it in the trash when they get on the dive boat. People who dive, you know how to appreciate the beauty of the underwater world. They also share them with others in underwater photography.

An Introduction to Technical Diving

The desire for dives deeper and deeper under the water and led to the development of special gas mixtures. The use of these techniques in diving offers an exciting range of new skills and the marine environment for qualified technical divers to explore.
Pushing the boundaries.
Divers are limited by simple physical laws, (depending on the depth of the dive) at a time under water and a maximum depth overall. Education organizations recommend that divers using compressed air goes no deeper than 130 to 165 feet (40-50 meters). In addition, nitrogen can accumulate dangerously fast in the body, greatly increases the risk of decompression sickness. In addition, increased levels of nitrogen in the blood below 165 ft (50 m) may Leah. i too heavy nitrogen narcosis. The oxygen content of air is also more and more deeply toxic to the nervous system dive.

To extend the dive time and therefore the exploration have been developed in greater depth special blends of gas for which the balance between oxygen and nitrogen has been changed, or that contain new gas to dilute the effects oxygen or nitrogen. The use of these mixtures is known as technical diving, and includes three types of gas mixtures: Nitrox, which allows for longer dive times, and trimix and heliox to reach greater depths.

Extend The Dive Time

Normal air is approximately 21 percent oxygen and 79 percent nitrogen. Nitrox is a gas mixture containing a higher proportion of oxygen and low nitrogen content than usual, so the dive time is longer from the diver's body to store too much nitrogen, and fatigue-free diver after the dive. Nitrox can be mixed in various ratios, from 22 to 50 percent oxygen. But is increased beyond a certain depth of the oxygen in the Nitrox mixture of toxic and can cause seizures. The more oxygen in the mixture, the shallower it will happen for this reason requires that nitrox diving special training, even if the courses are easily accessible to recreational divers.

To Deep

Divers want to get more than 165 feet (50 inches) of travel either heliox or trimix, introducing two of the helium in the breathing mix. Heliox contains only helium and oxygen, while the Trimix is a combination of three gases helium, oxygen, and (mostly) nitrogen. Heliox is used primarily by military and commercial divers, while the Trimix is frequently used by free divers. Both in reducing the probability of nitrogen narcosis, oxygen toxicity, DCS and be successful. Since helium heal six times faster than air does, these mixtures can cause divers to feel very cold. Helium is also rapidly absorbed into the body, as long decompression is required. Want to use these various gas mixtures must be properly trained.

Technical Kit

Diving at extreme depths or in extreme environments such as deep caves, requires special equipment. Divers to carefully analyze their technical equipment, and try to eliminate the weaknesses, there is little room for error during a deep dive technique. Is used to support the extra gas tanks in technical diving, most divers opt for high-lift "wing"-style buoyancy compensation. You choose, high-performance regulators that can handle the task of providing breathing gas at extreme depths. Sophisticated computerized to control use, such as technical gas mixtures metabolized during the dive.

Tips For Choosing a Dive Watch

           Reliable, dependable, the clock is an important tool in any toolbox dive, figuratively. The selection of a suitable monitor, while a complicated process that can take up to a few key steps and priorities must be diluted .

1. Water-and corrosion-resistant cases.
      Diving watches are universally built to withstand the pressure of the water to a certain manufacturer-specific assessment. It is also important to have a clock that has a pouch, wrist strap and face, designed to find the corrosive properties of most common chemicals in the oceans, lakes and rivers hold elected. Many watches are also designed to withstand the external pressure and magnetic effect of moderate amounts of stress.
2. Rotating Bezel.
      A bezel allows a user clock, keep track of elapsed time keeping. The exterior of the telescope clock is ticking, so that users keep the clock to keep track of the passage of time, with no specific time when they remember to start the monitoring process. Many watches also come with self-locking panels, eliminating the possibility of inadvertent movement. The less you worry about diving, the more energy you have to spend to Staying Alive.

3. Press helium valve.

Only an extremely deep dives possible concern, a helium release valve evacuation of helium-input clocks during technical dives or dives of 200-300 meters. Without this feature, watch for very deep dives in helium-rich environments often experience a break in the case, or a dial tone to explode.

4. Readability.

What seems clear is decipherable in a shop of watches is often very different from what you see at 85 feet easily in muddy water. Quality diving watches come with a face and choose a colorful design and easy to understand, put together high-contrast colors.

5. Reserve indicator.

Battery-powered diver watches, and even those who should come with a backup system to make dough, equipped to draw attention to some of the indicator for the diver on current performance levels. This is to avoid potentially dangerous situations or uncertainties associated with the reliability of shows.

6. Crystal Case.

A diver's watch has a face quality of the design is very thick crystals. This is the result of additional pressure from outside, many diving watches will be on the course of normal use. Without this extra effort, many diving watches is an experience that is leaking, cracking or even complete collapse face, even when used at moderate levels deep. The case of the face should also avoid scratches and scratches to visibility problems and complications.

To Find The Right Gear

            Purchasing the necessary scuba equipment with your family is a great way to teach them on the rules of diving. With each piece of diving equipment you purchase, you can explain what the object is and how it was used during a dive.
There is always a good idea to bring a certified instructor when shopping for dive gear, or at least one visit before he seriously pursue the purchase of dive equipment. In this way you secure the best type of equipment for your skill level of diving.
            If you have the right scuba equipment to ensure that all divers involved know how safe and effective use of diving equipment. If there are questions or concerns diving equipment, you should deal with the diving equipment dealer or a certified instructor before beginning a dive.
           Diving equipment can be difficult when a purchase you do not know what to look for and what your skill level is less dive. Buy scuba gear can be a positive event, if you know that this means that you will make more dives in the days and months

Scuba Diving World | Gear, Theory , Tips